INTRODUCTION

Every child has the right to health and a life free from violence .Each year in Malaysia are reported victims of child abuse and neglect occur are increasing.During the Ministry of Women,Family and Community Development reported 2279 child abuse cases in 2007.There are many kind of child abuse ,like physical and emotional mistreatment sexual abuse ,neglect treatment of children .These child abuse happen because lack of love and care from parent ,lack of adequate finance,lack of relationship and communication between children and parent,managing stress of single parent and depression or mental problem cause parents to divorce or problem for children.

RESEARCH QUESTION

1. What are the definition of child abuse?

2.Why does child abuse occur?

3.What are the effect of child abuse?

4.How to recognize child abuse?

5.What is the most important solution to child abuse?

CAUSES OF CHILD ABUSE

• Family structure

Certain types of families have an increased risk of child abuse and neglect. However, single parents families usually earn less money than other families. So this may account for the increased risk of child abuse. Families with chronic marital discord or spousal abuse have higher rates of child abuse than families without these problem. In addition, families in which either the husband of wife dominates in making important decisions. Such as where to live, what jobs to take, when to have children, and how much money to spend on food and housing- have higher rates of child abuse than families in which parents share responsibility of these decisions.

• Social stress

Stress brought on by a variety of social conditions raises the risk of child abuse within a family. These conditions include unemployment illness, poor housing conditions, a larger than average family size. The presence of a family member. A large majority of reported cases of child abuse come from familiarities living in poverty. Child abuse also occurs in middle class and wealthy family, but it is better reported among the poor several reasons. Wealthier families have an easier time hiding abuse because they have less contact with social agencies than poor families.

• Social isolation and low community involvement.

Parents and caretakers who abuse children tend to be society isolated. Few violent parents belong to any community organizations, and most have little contact with friends or relatives. This lack of social involvement deprives abusive parents of support systems that would help them deal better with social or family stress. Moreover, the lack of community contacts makes the parents less likely to change their behavior to confirm with community contacts the parents less likely to changes their behavior to confirm with community values and standard . Cultural factors often determine the amount of community support a family receives. In cultures with low rates of child abuse, child care is usually considered the responsibility of the community. That is, neighbors, relatives and friends helps with child care when the parents are unwilling or unable. In the United State, parents often shoulder child care demands by themselves, which may result in a higher risk of stress and child abuse.

CHILD ABUSE FROM SCIENE REFERENCE

Child abuse is the physical or psychological maltreatment of a child by an adult,ofter synonymous with the term child maltreatment or the term child abuse neglect.There are many forms of abuse and neglect and many government have developed their own legal definition of what constitutes child maltreatment for the purpose of removing a child or prosecuting a criminal charge.

LEGAL DEFINITION OF CHILD ABUSE

The Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (Public Law 100-294) defines child abuse and neglect as the physical or mental injury, sexual abuse or exploitation, negligent treatment, or maltreatment: of a child (a person under the age of 18, unless the child protection law of the State in which the child resides specifies a younger age for cases not involving sexual abuse) by a person (including any employee of a residential facility or any staff person providing out-of-home care) who is responsible for the child's welfare under circumstances which indicate that the child's health or welfare is harmed or threatened thereby.

DEFINITION OF CHILD ABUSE

The major types of child abuse include physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse and child abuse.physical abuse is a physical act of aggression directed at the child causes injury, pain and other. Injuries may result from punching, beating ,kicking, or anything that brings about physical pain and discomfort.Sexual abuse is an inappropriate sexual behavior with a child. It is when the child is constraining or persuaded into sexual acts or situation by others.Emotional abuse is verbal abuse or an attitude that is degrading a child. They may be constantly criticized, blamed, sworn shouted at rejected by those they look to for acceptation or compared unfavorably with sibling or their children. It can have long lasting effects on the social and mental health development of child. Neglect is the necessities for physical growth and development. This can include inappropriate clothing for the weather, unhealthy food or no food at all, lack of supervision, denial of medical care to a sick or injured child or denial of love and affection.
For example:

Sign physical child abuse

First, fear of a particular person or family member.Second,seems unsually with dram or overly aggressive.Beside that,have nomerous fracture, welts or bruises in various stages of healing or have unexplained burns, cuts, bites, bruises, broken bones or black eyes andSeems frightened and reluctant to go home.

Sign of sexual child abuse

First,sudden refusal in partipation of physical activities,shows unusual sexual knowledge or behavior or have difficulty walking and sitting.Futhermore,irritation or genital or anal areas and juvenile prostitution, pregnancy or sexual transmitted infection.

Sign of child neglect

First, hunger and inadequate growth from poor tuition and consistency dirty, offensive body odour, unkempt.Beside that,inapproiate and lack of sufficient clothing.

THE OBJECTIVE BLOG

1.To expose society about myth and realities of child abuse in Malaysia.

2.To explain about definition of child abuse specialists.

3.To describe the indicators of child abuse in Malaysia.

ABOUT HENY

My name is HENIPITA KURNIATI, usually everyone calls me Heny. i am 21 years old. i was born in Pekan baru, 24 June 1989. i come from Riau, one city part of Indonesia. in UKM, i choose International Relation as my course. Iam two from four siblings. i have a brother, a young sister and a young brother. all them stay at Riau. my hobbes are reading, listening the music and traveling, especially vacation in the beach, I love beach more!!! if there is some one who asks me to go there, i don't push this suggestion.

when graduate, i hope i can continue my study in same course. after that, i will try to apply a job in Department of Foreign Affairs in Indonesia because if it can accept me, maybe one day i can be diplomat and continue my PhD study with a scholarship. i hope my dream will come true. God Bless..

One think of important in UKM, i love all about UKM. like, kind and friendly people. they are always helping me when i am troubled. so, if i have finish my study and should go back to Indonesia i will be sad and loose them.